Florida Drinking Water Operator "B" Practice Test

Which term describes the addition of nutrients that promote algae growth in water bodies?

1. Detrimentation

2. Fertilization

3. Eutrophication

4. Filtration

The correct answer is: Eutrophication

The term that accurately describes the addition of nutrients that promote algae growth in water bodies is "eutrophication." This process occurs when excessive nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, enter aquatic ecosystems, typically as a result of runoff from agriculture, sewage discharge, or industrial waste. When these nutrients accumulate in water bodies, they stimulate the rapid growth of algae, known as algal blooms. While some algae are beneficial to aquatic ecosystems, excessive growth can lead to negative consequences such as oxygen depletion, which harms fish and other aquatic life, and the production of toxins that can affect water quality and human health. The other options do not correctly define this process. Detrimentation refers to the harmful effects on ecosystems, often due to pollution or human activity, while fertilization usually applies to agricultural practices that enhance soil nutrient levels rather than directly to water bodies. Filtration is a process used to remove impurities or particles from water but does not address the issue of nutrient addition leading to algae growth. Thus, "eutrophication" is the term that best captures the phenomenon described in the question.