What is the primary health concern associated with high levels of chlorinated compounds in drinking water?

High levels of chlorinated compounds in drinking water are primarily associated with gastrointestinal illness due to the potential formation of harmful byproducts known as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). When chlorine is used as a disinfectant, it reacts with natural organic matter in the water, leading to the formation of these byproducts, which can cause adverse health effects. Gastrointestinal effects are particularly concerning, as they can manifest as nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort.

While it’s true that high levels of chlorinated compounds may have other health implications, such as respiratory issues in some cases or impacts on renal function, the established link between chlorinated compounds and gastrointestinal illness is particularly robust and well-documented in epidemiological studies. This makes it a significant health concern that regulatory agencies prioritize when assessing drinking water quality and safety.