Florida Drinking Water Operator "B" Practice Test

What is the name of a well that is under pressure?

1. Artesian well

2. Shallow well

3. Non-artesian well

4. Deep well

The correct answer is: Artesian well

An artesian well is defined as a well that taps into a confined aquifer, where the water is under pressure. This pressure allows water to rise to the surface naturally, without the need for pumping. This is a key characteristic that distinguishes artesian wells from other types of wells. The structure of an artesian well involves layers of porous materials, such as sandstone, being sandwiched between impermeable layers of rock or clay. When drilled, the pressure within the confined aquifer causes the water to flow upward, sometimes even overflowing at the surface. This phenomenon occurs when the hydraulic head of the aquifer is above the level of the well, thereby creating a natural flow. Understanding artesian wells is important for water management and conservation, particularly in areas where groundwater is a vital resource. The term also encompasses differences in well construction and their impact on the hydrology of a region, with artesian wells typically yielding higher flow rates at less energy cost compared to non-artesian systems. Overall, the defining feature of artesian wells is the pressure from the aquifer, which results in a flow of water that is both efficient and sustainable when managed properly.