What function do phosphates, nitrates, and organic nitrogen compounds serve in reservoirs?

Phosphates, nitrates, and organic nitrogen compounds play the role of fertilizers in reservoirs, contributing to aquatic ecosystems' nutrient dynamics. When these substances are introduced into a water body, they can stimulate the growth of aquatic plants and phytoplankton through a process called eutrophication. This accumulation of nutrients in the water encourages the proliferation of primary producers, which are essential for the food web and overall health of the aquatic environment.

In the context of drinking water, while they may be present in the water due to runoff from agricultural activities or wastewater, their concentrations must be carefully monitored and managed. Elevated levels of these compounds can lead to adverse effects, such as hypoxia and harmful algal blooms, which ultimately impact water quality and can pose risks to both human health and aquatic life. Understanding their role as fertilizers is crucial for water operators in maintaining reservoir health and ensuring safe drinking water.